NORTHWEST FLORIDA
HERITAGE AND HISTORY

By  Mike Miller Updated August 18, 2024

Northwest Florida heritage and history are all around you as you travel through miles of mainly rural country, pine woods, and some of the most beautiful sand beaches in the world.

This region includes 12 counties.  Culturally, it is more like Alabama than it is like the rest of Florida.

Northwest Florida heritage and history is evident in the many small towns that played a key part in early Florida history. 

You will see many monuments and memorials to the Old South in the form of Confederate soldier statues in town squares and in front of courthouses.

"Becalmed In The Mullet Latitudes" is a wonderful book by the late Al Burt published in 1983. 

Al was a long time Miami Herald columnist who had a deep love for Florida and a melancholy for the "old Florida" that was disappearing. 

He celebrated the Northwest Florida heritage and history along with other parts of rural Florida.

He identified and chronicled the disappearing old places that he 
called the Mullet Latitudes.  His name for Northwest Florida and the Panhandle was "Florabama". 

If Al were still alive, I think he'd stick with the name even though there has been a fair amount of Yankee migration into the area since he wrote his book.

Pensacola was settled by the Spanish in 1559.  It was the first European settlement in the United States.  It was a rival to St. Augustine on the Atlantic settled in 1565 on the other side of the state.

Pensacola was the first capital of Florida.  When Florida became a U.S. territory in 1821, the capital was moved shortly after to Tallahassee because it was about halfway between Pensacola and St. Augustine.

After the Spanish left and Florida became a U.S. territory, settlers from Alabama and Georgia began homesteading small farms.  In in the years before the Civil War, northern Florida was the most populated region of Florida. 

These early settlers had a lot to do with establishing Northwest Florida heritage as part of the Old South.

This part of Florida remained largely rural and remote until after World War Two.  Many houses and farms did not have electricity until after the war. 

The communities survived on farming and fishing.  Turpentine, naval stores and other timber based chemicals were important businesses in the years immediately before and after World War Two.  The pine woods also attracted lumber and paper mills.

CONGRESSMAN BOB SIKES ERA BEGINS

The Florida panhandle had a U.S. Congressman named Bob Sikes from Crestview.  He was an expert at bringing home the bacon.

That's a good old American phrase that means he was good at getting Federal money for his Congressional District.

He had a lot to do with bringing many of the military installations to Florabama. He was in Congress from 1941 to 1979, with some time off during World War Two when he joined the military. 

He helped preserve and continue the military elements of Northwest Florida heritage and history.

Eglin Air Force Base was built just before World War Two near Fort Walton Beach.  It pulled the remote backwoods panhandle into the modern world.  

Eglin is the largest military installation in the United States.  The base sprawls across three counties, and is about the same size as Rhode Island. 

I took my Navy pilot survival training course in the swamps and jungles of Eglin known as the boondocks.

The base is named for Fritz Eglin, an early Army aviator who died in a plane crash.  I did not know until years later that my father is named Fritz in honor of the downed pilot. 

Eglin was my grandfather's classmate at Wabash College in Indiana.  Read more about Fritz Eglin here.

Panama City is the unofficial capital of Florabama, with Pensacola running a close second.  The Florabama beaches are known by Floridians as the "redneck riviera".  They have traditionally attracted Alabama and Georgia tourists.

Star high school football players in Florabama do not typically go to the University of Florida or Florida State University. They are more likely to sign up with the Alabama Crimson Tide or the Auburn Tigers.

The Florida panhandle has fewer "Go Gator" bumper stickers than anywhere else in the State.

A notable exception is Emmitt Smith, Hall of Fame running back for the NFL Dallas Cowboys.  Mr. Smith graduated from Escambia High School in Pensacola and went on to gridiron glory at the University of Florida.

You non-football fans may remember him from "Dancing With The Stars".

NORTHWEST FLORIDA HERITAGE SITES

Here are 104 Northwest Florida heritage sites listed by county. County seats are also shown.  Here's a neat trick for you:

Highlight any of the sites below, then right click and it will take you to the site's webpage on the internet if one exists - they usually do.

BAY: Panama City

1. Junior Museum of Bay County
2. Museum of Man in the Sea
3. Panama City Main Street
4. SS Tarpon Underwater Archaeological Preserve
5. St. Andrews State Park

CALHOUN: Blountstown

1. Old Calhoun County Courthouse
2. Panhandle Pioneer Settlement

ESCAMBIA: Pensacola

1. Alger--Sullivan Lumber Company Residential Historic District
2. Barkley House
3. Barrancas National Cemetery
4. Big Lagoon State Park
5. British Fort of Pensacola
6. Charles William Jones House
7. Crystal Ice Co. Building
8. Dorr House
9. Escambia County Courthouse
10. Fort Barrancas Historical District
11. Fort George Site
12. Fort McRee
13. Fort Pickens
14. Fort San Carlos de Barrancas
15. Greater Mount Lily Baptist Church
16. Gulf Islands National Seashore
17. Historic Pensacola Village
18. Julee Cottage Museum
19. L & N Marine Terminal Building
20. L & N Passenger Terminal
21. Lavalle House
22. National Museum of Naval Aviation
23. North Hill Preservation District
24. Old Christ Church
25. Pensacola Historic District
26. Pensacola Historical Museum
27. Pensacola Hospital
28. Pensacola Lighthouse and Keepers Quarters
29. Pensacola Naval Air Station Historic District
30. Pensacola Resource Learning Center and Library
31. Pensacola Scenic Bluffs Scenic Highway
32. Perdido Key Historic District
33. Perdido Key State Park
34. Plaza Ferdinand VII
35. Saenger Theatre
36. St. Joseph's Church Buildings
37. St. Michael's Creole Benevolent Association Meeting Hall
38. The Empire Building
39. Thiesen Building
40. USS Massachusetts

FRANKLIN: Apalachicola

1. Apalachicola Historic District
2. Bald Point State Park
3. Cape St. George Lighthouse
4. Crooked River Lighthouse
5. Fort Gadsden Historic Memorial
6. John Gorrie Museum State Park
7. Ormon House
8. Raney House Museum
9. St. George Island State Park
10. Trinity Episcopal Church

GULF: Port St. Joe

1. Civic Center
2. Constitution Convention Museum
3. Port St. Joe Garden Club
4. St. Joseph Peninsula State Park

HOLMES: Bonifay

1. Ponce de Leon Springs State Park

JACKSON: Marianna

1. Florida Caverns State Park
2. Marianna Historic District
3. Marianna Main Street
4. Pender's Store
5. Three Rivers State Park

LIBERTY: Bristol

1. Torreya State Park

OKALOOSA: Crestview

1. Air Force Armament Museum
2. Blackwater Heritage Trail State Park
3. Blackwater River State Park
4. Camp Walton Schoolhouse Museum
5. Carver Hill Museum
6. Destin Fishing Museum
7. Fred Gannon Rocky Bayou State Park
8. Ft. Walton Beach Main Street
9. Garnier Post Office Museum
10. Gulfview Hotel Historic District
11. Henderson Beach State Park
12. Heritage Museum of Northwest Florida
13. Indian Temple Mound Museum
14. Mainstreet Crestview Association

SANTA ROSA: Milton

1. Bagdad Village Historic District
2. First American Road in Florida
3. Florida State Road No. 1
4. Main Street Milton
5. Milton Historic District
6. Mt. Pilgrim African Baptist Church
7. Naval Live Oaks Reservation
8. Navarre Beach State Park
9. St. Marys Episcopal Church and Rectory
10. West Florida Railroad Museum

WALTON: DeFuniak Springs

1. Camp Helen State Park
2. Chautauqua Hall of Brotherhood
3. Deer Lake State Park
4. DeFuniak Springs Historic District
5. Eden Gardens State Park
6. Governor Stone-Eden State Park
7. Grayton Beach State Park
8. Topsail Hill Preserve State Park

WASHINGTON: Chipley

1. Falling Waters State Park
2. Moss Hill Church
3. South Third St. Historic District
4. Woman's Club of Chipley

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Panama City Bay High School Postcard

NORTHWEST FLORIDA HERITAGE AND HISTORY
INCLUDES THESE COUNTIES

The Northwest Florida counties are Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Liberty, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and Washington.

NORTHWEST FLORIDA TOWNS AND CITIES

Learn about 20 of the towns in these counties.

Also read about some short scenic drives in Northwest Florida and learn about some good Northwest Florida restaurants.